15/06/1997 01:00:00 - Switched side to: United Kingdom

15/06/1997 01:00:00 - [United Kingdom] <BODY><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>Up until this point we’ve been hunting comparatively easy surface ships in our lessons. Surface ships are constrained to one depth (the surface), and are inherently very noisy compared to submarines. Submarines on the other hand are able to change depth to make themselves more difficult to detect, as well as being much quieter than surface ships. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>You’ll notice that the Trafalgar has a very long sonar sensor range, with&nbsp;two convergence zones covered by the radius. Open the Trafalgar’s database entry and look at the sensors section. Here we can see the Trafalgar is equipped with a Type 2065 Towed Array, which will be doing most of the heavy lifting as we search for our target submarine. Be aware that unlike the Basic Submarine Operations (1-4) series, you will now be presented with randomised biological and false contacts, meaning you will need to clearly identify contacts to be sure of their identity.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>While in previous lessons we’ve chiefly relied on bow sonar, ESM or off-board targeting to detect our targets, when hunting submarines in open ocean a towed array allows not only extra range to detect targets at long distances, but also allows us to search above and below the layer at the same time.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>With a bow sonar, we are constrained to searching in the thermal layer the submarine is in; i.e. if we’re above the layer we will be searching above the layer, and if we’re below the layer we will be searching below the layer. Submarines equipped with a towed array that are at shallow or periscope depth use their towed arrays above the layer, and those that are at ‘just under the layer’ or ‘as deep as possible’ use their towed arrays below the layer. However, submarines at ‘just over the layer’ trail their towed arrays beneath the layer, while their bow sonar remains above the layer. An additional benefit of this tactic is that while our submarine is above the layer, it is very difficult for another submarine below the layer to counter-detect us. This tactic however requires<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>With this in mind, let’s get to finding our target. Plot a course to the north-east, set your speed to creep and your depth to ‘just&nbsp;below the layer’.</SPAN></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:01:11 - [United Kingdom] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by S 107 Trafalgar  [Sensors: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at 9deg - Estimated 65nm

15/06/1997 01:01:11 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Contact! We’ve detected an underwater sonar contact. As you can see it is a convergence zone contact. You will recall from tutorial 1.1 that a convergence zone contact can be in any of the shaded green rings displayed surrounding the <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Trafalgar</I> but not between them.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>It is natural to want to change heading towards the contact, however this will <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">reduce</I> the amount of time that you hold the contact because as you close with the contact the amount of time it remains in the convergence zone decreases. In CMO as with real life, the longer a passive sonar contact is held the more data can be gained from it. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>To maximise contact time, set your heading to put the contact at either our 3 or 9 o’clock, i.e. 90 degrees off our port or starboard bow, and maintain a speed set to creep.&nbsp;Our intention is to identify the contact, and if necessary obtain a course and speed so we can move to intercept.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:01:26 - [United Kingdom] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been type-classified as: SSN (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 65 nm)

15/06/1997 01:02:26 - [United Kingdom] Contact: SSN #1 has been classified as: Type 091 Han - Determined as: Hostile (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 63 nm)

15/06/1997 01:02:26 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">We’ve identified a contact of interest, it’s a Chinese Han class SSN—a notoriously noisy boat. But, without spending all of your time reading books about submarines, how will you know which boats are noisy and which are quiet? In CMANO, the answer is the database.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Open the database entry for the Han by clicking the contact, then clicking the hyperlink style blue text ‘Type 091 Han’ in the right side bar. Here we can find a veritable treasure trove of information about our target. To get a sense of how noisy the Han is, check the ‘Signatures’ section of its database entry, and then compare this with the Trafalgar. As you can see, the dB levels of noise emitted from the Han are much higher (e.g. Han VLF passive sonar noise is 140dB while Trafalgar VLF passive sonar noise is 100dB; the difference between a&nbsp;jet engine at take-off and a hand drill respectively).</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">The noise level of submarines varies according to design and technology, but for reference an 'Average' submarine in the late 90's when this tutorial is set would have a VLF signature of about 120dB, making the Trafalgar a particularly quiet boat and the Han a particularly noisy one. You can get a 'feel' for this by browsing database values of platforms from a comparable era.</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Now we’re going to close with the Han. The simplest way to accomplish this is to hold the Han CZ contact for as long as possible by maintaining a heading to keep the CZ contact bearing 90 degrees to port or starboard of our submarine. Then, when contact is lost (indicated by a timer appearing below the contact and the growth of the uncertainty zone), immediately plot a course directly towards the contact to a point just short of the first convergence zone and set speed to full or flank. Once you have arrived at the designated position (in this case 24nm—the distance of the first CZ), return to creep speed while keeping the same heading&nbsp;and wait to re-acquire the target. Re-acquiring the target after these sprints can take several hours. Be patient and use time compression!<o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Repeat this technique until you are able to obtain a direct-path contact. Once you have a direct path contact, manoeuvre into the Han’s baffles and close to a range of 4nm. Aim to remain above the layer to reduce the chance of being counter-detected.</FONT></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:09:11 - [United Kingdom] Contact: Type 091 Han #1 has been positively identified as: Type 091 Han - Determined as: Hostile (ID by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 66 nm)

15/06/1997 06:14:54 - [United Kingdom] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #2 - Detected by S 107 Trafalgar  [Sensors: Type 2072 [Type 2076 Suite]] at 271deg - Estimated 50nm

15/06/1997 06:17:09 - [United Kingdom] Contact: GOBLIN #2 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2072 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 46 nm)

15/06/1997 06:24:09 - [United Kingdom] Contact: Biologics #2 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2072 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 63 nm)

15/06/1997 08:59:59 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Either you weren’t able to detect or weren’t able to intercept the Han in time. Either way something went wrong. Try again!</FONT><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:00:00 - [United Kingdom] <BODY><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>Up until this point we’ve been hunting comparatively easy surface ships in our lessons. Surface ships are constrained to one depth (the surface), and are inherently very noisy compared to submarines. Submarines on the other hand are able to change depth to make themselves more difficult to detect, as well as being much quieter than surface ships. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>You’ll notice that the Trafalgar has a very long sonar sensor range, with&nbsp;two convergence zones covered by the radius. Open the Trafalgar’s database entry and look at the sensors section. Here we can see the Trafalgar is equipped with a Type 2065 Towed Array, which will be doing most of the heavy lifting as we search for our target submarine. Be aware that unlike the Basic Submarine Operations (1-4) series, you will now be presented with randomised biological and false contacts, meaning you will need to clearly identify contacts to be sure of their identity.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>While in previous lessons we’ve chiefly relied on bow sonar, ESM or off-board targeting to detect our targets, when hunting submarines in open ocean a towed array allows not only extra range to detect targets at long distances, but also allows us to search above and below the layer at the same time.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>With a bow sonar, we are constrained to searching in the thermal layer the submarine is in; i.e. if we’re above the layer we will be searching above the layer, and if we’re below the layer we will be searching below the layer. Submarines equipped with a towed array that are at shallow or periscope depth use their towed arrays above the layer, and those that are at ‘just under the layer’ or ‘as deep as possible’ use their towed arrays below the layer. However, submarines at ‘just over the layer’ trail their towed arrays beneath the layer, while their bow sonar remains above the layer. An additional benefit of this tactic is that while our submarine is above the layer, it is very difficult for another submarine below the layer to counter-detect us. This tactic however requires<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>With this in mind, let’s get to finding our target. Plot a course to the north-east, set your speed to creep and your depth to ‘just&nbsp;below the layer’.</SPAN></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:00:00 - Switched side to: United Kingdom

15/06/1997 01:01:11 - [United Kingdom] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by S 107 Trafalgar  [Sensors: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at 9deg - Estimated 65nm

15/06/1997 01:01:11 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Contact! We’ve detected an underwater sonar contact. As you can see it is a convergence zone contact. You will recall from tutorial 1.1 that a convergence zone contact can be in any of the shaded green rings displayed surrounding the <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Trafalgar</I> but not between them.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>It is natural to want to change heading towards the contact, however this will <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">reduce</I> the amount of time that you hold the contact because as you close with the contact the amount of time it remains in the convergence zone decreases. In CMO as with real life, the longer a passive sonar contact is held the more data can be gained from it. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>To maximise contact time, set your heading to put the contact at either our 3 or 9 o’clock, i.e. 90 degrees off our port or starboard bow, and maintain a speed set to creep.&nbsp;Our intention is to identify the contact, and if necessary obtain a course and speed so we can move to intercept.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:01:26 - [United Kingdom] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been type-classified as: SSN (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 65 nm)

15/06/1997 01:01:41 - [United Kingdom] Contact: SSN #1 has been classified as: Type 091 Han - Determined as: Hostile (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 69 nm)

15/06/1997 01:01:41 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">We’ve identified a contact of interest, it’s a Chinese Han class SSN—a notoriously noisy boat. But, without spending all of your time reading books about submarines, how will you know which boats are noisy and which are quiet? In CMANO, the answer is the database.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Open the database entry for the Han by clicking the contact, then clicking the hyperlink style blue text ‘Type 091 Han’ in the right side bar. Here we can find a veritable treasure trove of information about our target. To get a sense of how noisy the Han is, check the ‘Signatures’ section of its database entry, and then compare this with the Trafalgar. As you can see, the dB levels of noise emitted from the Han are much higher (e.g. Han VLF passive sonar noise is 140dB while Trafalgar VLF passive sonar noise is 100dB; the difference between a&nbsp;jet engine at take-off and a hand drill respectively).</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">The noise level of submarines varies according to design and technology, but for reference an 'Average' submarine in the late 90's when this tutorial is set would have a VLF signature of about 120dB, making the Trafalgar a particularly quiet boat and the Han a particularly noisy one. You can get a 'feel' for this by browsing database values of platforms from a comparable era.</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Now we’re going to close with the Han. The simplest way to accomplish this is to hold the Han CZ contact for as long as possible by maintaining a heading to keep the CZ contact bearing 90 degrees to port or starboard of our submarine. Then, when contact is lost (indicated by a timer appearing below the contact and the growth of the uncertainty zone), immediately plot a course directly towards the contact to a point just short of the first convergence zone and set speed to full or flank. Once you have arrived at the designated position (in this case 24nm—the distance of the first CZ), return to creep speed while keeping the same heading&nbsp;and wait to re-acquire the target. Re-acquiring the target after these sprints can take several hours. Be patient and use time compression!<o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Repeat this technique until you are able to obtain a direct-path contact. Once you have a direct path contact, manoeuvre into the Han’s baffles and close to a range of 4nm. Aim to remain above the layer to reduce the chance of being counter-detected.</FONT></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:11:26 - [United Kingdom] Contact: Type 091 Han #1 has been positively identified as: Type 091 Han - Determined as: Hostile (ID by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 52 nm)

15/06/1997 06:19:54 - [United Kingdom] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #2 - Detected by S 107 Trafalgar  [Sensors: Type 2072 [Type 2076 Suite]] at 273deg - Estimated 50nm

15/06/1997 06:20:39 - [United Kingdom] Contact: GOBLIN #2 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2072 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 54 nm)

15/06/1997 06:29:24 - [United Kingdom] Contact: Biologics #2 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2072 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 60 nm)

15/06/1997 08:59:59 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Either you weren’t able to detect or weren’t able to intercept the Han in time. Either way something went wrong. Try again!</FONT><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:00:00 - [United Kingdom] <BODY><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>Up until this point we’ve been hunting comparatively easy surface ships in our lessons. Surface ships are constrained to one depth (the surface), and are inherently very noisy compared to submarines. Submarines on the other hand are able to change depth to make themselves more difficult to detect, as well as being much quieter than surface ships. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>You’ll notice that the Trafalgar has a very long sonar sensor range, with&nbsp;two convergence zones covered by the radius. Open the Trafalgar’s database entry and look at the sensors section. Here we can see the Trafalgar is equipped with a Type 2065 Towed Array, which will be doing most of the heavy lifting as we search for our target submarine. Be aware that unlike the Basic Submarine Operations (1-4) series, you will now be presented with randomised biological and false contacts, meaning you will need to clearly identify contacts to be sure of their identity.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>While in previous lessons we’ve chiefly relied on bow sonar, ESM or off-board targeting to detect our targets, when hunting submarines in open ocean a towed array allows not only extra range to detect targets at long distances, but also allows us to search above and below the layer at the same time.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>With a bow sonar, we are constrained to searching in the thermal layer the submarine is in; i.e. if we’re above the layer we will be searching above the layer, and if we’re below the layer we will be searching below the layer. Submarines equipped with a towed array that are at shallow or periscope depth use their towed arrays above the layer, and those that are at ‘just under the layer’ or ‘as deep as possible’ use their towed arrays below the layer. However, submarines at ‘just over the layer’ trail their towed arrays beneath the layer, while their bow sonar remains above the layer. An additional benefit of this tactic is that while our submarine is above the layer, it is very difficult for another submarine below the layer to counter-detect us. This tactic however requires<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>With this in mind, let’s get to finding our target. Plot a course to the north-east, set your speed to creep and your depth to ‘just&nbsp;below the layer’.</SPAN></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:00:00 - Switched side to: United Kingdom

15/06/1997 01:01:11 - [United Kingdom] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by S 107 Trafalgar  [Sensors: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at 6deg - Estimated 65nm

15/06/1997 01:01:11 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Contact! We’ve detected an underwater sonar contact. As you can see it is a convergence zone contact. You will recall from tutorial 1.1 that a convergence zone contact can be in any of the shaded green rings displayed surrounding the <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Trafalgar</I> but not between them.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>It is natural to want to change heading towards the contact, however this will <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">reduce</I> the amount of time that you hold the contact because as you close with the contact the amount of time it remains in the convergence zone decreases. In CMO as with real life, the longer a passive sonar contact is held the more data can be gained from it. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>To maximise contact time, set your heading to put the contact at either our 3 or 9 o’clock, i.e. 90 degrees off our port or starboard bow, and maintain a speed set to creep.&nbsp;Our intention is to identify the contact, and if necessary obtain a course and speed so we can move to intercept.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:01:26 - [United Kingdom] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been type-classified as: SSN (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 65 nm)

15/06/1997 01:03:26 - [United Kingdom] Contact: SSN #1 has been classified as: Type 091 Han - Determined as: Hostile (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 66 nm)

15/06/1997 01:03:26 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">We’ve identified a contact of interest, it’s a Chinese Han class SSN—a notoriously noisy boat. But, without spending all of your time reading books about submarines, how will you know which boats are noisy and which are quiet? In CMANO, the answer is the database.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Open the database entry for the Han by clicking the contact, then clicking the hyperlink style blue text ‘Type 091 Han’ in the right side bar. Here we can find a veritable treasure trove of information about our target. To get a sense of how noisy the Han is, check the ‘Signatures’ section of its database entry, and then compare this with the Trafalgar. As you can see, the dB levels of noise emitted from the Han are much higher (e.g. Han VLF passive sonar noise is 140dB while Trafalgar VLF passive sonar noise is 100dB; the difference between a&nbsp;jet engine at take-off and a hand drill respectively).</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">The noise level of submarines varies according to design and technology, but for reference an 'Average' submarine in the late 90's when this tutorial is set would have a VLF signature of about 120dB, making the Trafalgar a particularly quiet boat and the Han a particularly noisy one. You can get a 'feel' for this by browsing database values of platforms from a comparable era.</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Now we’re going to close with the Han. The simplest way to accomplish this is to hold the Han CZ contact for as long as possible by maintaining a heading to keep the CZ contact bearing 90 degrees to port or starboard of our submarine. Then, when contact is lost (indicated by a timer appearing below the contact and the growth of the uncertainty zone), immediately plot a course directly towards the contact to a point just short of the first convergence zone and set speed to full or flank. Once you have arrived at the designated position (in this case 24nm—the distance of the first CZ), return to creep speed while keeping the same heading&nbsp;and wait to re-acquire the target. Re-acquiring the target after these sprints can take several hours. Be patient and use time compression!<o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Repeat this technique until you are able to obtain a direct-path contact. Once you have a direct path contact, manoeuvre into the Han’s baffles and close to a range of 4nm. Aim to remain above the layer to reduce the chance of being counter-detected.</FONT></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:09:26 - [United Kingdom] Contact: Type 091 Han #1 has been positively identified as: Type 091 Han - Determined as: Hostile (ID by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 52 nm)

15/06/1997 06:31:26 - [United Kingdom] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #2 - Detected by S 107 Trafalgar  [Sensors: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at 268deg - Estimated 65nm

15/06/1997 06:41:11 - [United Kingdom] Contact: GOBLIN #2 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 84 nm)

15/06/1997 07:40:24 - [United Kingdom] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #3 - Detected by S 107 Trafalgar  [Sensors: Type 2072 [Type 2076 Suite]] at 196deg - Estimated 50nm

15/06/1997 07:46:09 - [United Kingdom] Contact: GOBLIN #3 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2072 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 43 nm)

15/06/1997 07:53:54 - [United Kingdom] Contact: Biologics #3 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2072 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 39 nm)

15/06/1997 08:59:59 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Either you weren’t able to detect or weren’t able to intercept the Han in time. Either way something went wrong. Try again!</FONT><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:00:00 - [United Kingdom] <BODY><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>Up until this point we’ve been hunting comparatively easy surface ships in our lessons. Surface ships are constrained to one depth (the surface), and are inherently very noisy compared to submarines. Submarines on the other hand are able to change depth to make themselves more difficult to detect, as well as being much quieter than surface ships. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>You’ll notice that the Trafalgar has a very long sonar sensor range, with&nbsp;two convergence zones covered by the radius. Open the Trafalgar’s database entry and look at the sensors section. Here we can see the Trafalgar is equipped with a Type 2065 Towed Array, which will be doing most of the heavy lifting as we search for our target submarine. Be aware that unlike the Basic Submarine Operations (1-4) series, you will now be presented with randomised biological and false contacts, meaning you will need to clearly identify contacts to be sure of their identity.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>While in previous lessons we’ve chiefly relied on bow sonar, ESM or off-board targeting to detect our targets, when hunting submarines in open ocean a towed array allows not only extra range to detect targets at long distances, but also allows us to search above and below the layer at the same time.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>With a bow sonar, we are constrained to searching in the thermal layer the submarine is in; i.e. if we’re above the layer we will be searching above the layer, and if we’re below the layer we will be searching below the layer. Submarines equipped with a towed array that are at shallow or periscope depth use their towed arrays above the layer, and those that are at ‘just under the layer’ or ‘as deep as possible’ use their towed arrays below the layer. However, submarines at ‘just over the layer’ trail their towed arrays beneath the layer, while their bow sonar remains above the layer. An additional benefit of this tactic is that while our submarine is above the layer, it is very difficult for another submarine below the layer to counter-detect us. This tactic however requires<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>With this in mind, let’s get to finding our target. Plot a course to the north-east, set your speed to creep and your depth to ‘just&nbsp;below the layer’.</SPAN></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:00:00 - Switched side to: United Kingdom

15/06/1997 01:01:11 - [United Kingdom] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by S 107 Trafalgar  [Sensors: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at 8deg - Estimated 65nm

15/06/1997 01:01:11 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Contact! We’ve detected an underwater sonar contact. As you can see it is a convergence zone contact. You will recall from tutorial 1.1 that a convergence zone contact can be in any of the shaded green rings displayed surrounding the <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Trafalgar</I> but not between them.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>It is natural to want to change heading towards the contact, however this will <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">reduce</I> the amount of time that you hold the contact because as you close with the contact the amount of time it remains in the convergence zone decreases. In CMO as with real life, the longer a passive sonar contact is held the more data can be gained from it. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>To maximise contact time, set your heading to put the contact at either our 3 or 9 o’clock, i.e. 90 degrees off our port or starboard bow, and maintain a speed set to creep.&nbsp;Our intention is to identify the contact, and if necessary obtain a course and speed so we can move to intercept.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:01:26 - [United Kingdom] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been classified as: Type 091 Han - Determined as: Hostile (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 65 nm)

15/06/1997 01:01:26 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">We’ve identified a contact of interest, it’s a Chinese Han class SSN—a notoriously noisy boat. But, without spending all of your time reading books about submarines, how will you know which boats are noisy and which are quiet? In CMANO, the answer is the database.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Open the database entry for the Han by clicking the contact, then clicking the hyperlink style blue text ‘Type 091 Han’ in the right side bar. Here we can find a veritable treasure trove of information about our target. To get a sense of how noisy the Han is, check the ‘Signatures’ section of its database entry, and then compare this with the Trafalgar. As you can see, the dB levels of noise emitted from the Han are much higher (e.g. Han VLF passive sonar noise is 140dB while Trafalgar VLF passive sonar noise is 100dB; the difference between a&nbsp;jet engine at take-off and a hand drill respectively).</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">The noise level of submarines varies according to design and technology, but for reference an 'Average' submarine in the late 90's when this tutorial is set would have a VLF signature of about 120dB, making the Trafalgar a particularly quiet boat and the Han a particularly noisy one. You can get a 'feel' for this by browsing database values of platforms from a comparable era.</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Now we’re going to close with the Han. The simplest way to accomplish this is to hold the Han CZ contact for as long as possible by maintaining a heading to keep the CZ contact bearing 90 degrees to port or starboard of our submarine. Then, when contact is lost (indicated by a timer appearing below the contact and the growth of the uncertainty zone), immediately plot a course directly towards the contact to a point just short of the first convergence zone and set speed to full or flank. Once you have arrived at the designated position (in this case 24nm—the distance of the first CZ), return to creep speed while keeping the same heading&nbsp;and wait to re-acquire the target. Re-acquiring the target after these sprints can take several hours. Be patient and use time compression!<o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Repeat this technique until you are able to obtain a direct-path contact. Once you have a direct path contact, manoeuvre into the Han’s baffles and close to a range of 4nm. Aim to remain above the layer to reduce the chance of being counter-detected.</FONT></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:07:41 - [United Kingdom] Contact: Type 091 Han #1 has been positively identified as: Type 091 Han - Determined as: Hostile (ID by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 66 nm)

15/06/1997 06:09:26 - [United Kingdom] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #2 - Detected by S 107 Trafalgar  [Sensors: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at 271deg - Estimated 65nm

15/06/1997 06:11:26 - [United Kingdom] Contact: GOBLIN #2 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 65 nm)

15/06/1997 06:18:41 - [United Kingdom] Contact: Biologics #2 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 65 nm)

15/06/1997 08:59:59 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Either you weren’t able to detect or weren’t able to intercept the Han in time. Either way something went wrong. Try again!</FONT><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:00:00 - [United Kingdom] <BODY><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>Up until this point we’ve been hunting comparatively easy surface ships in our lessons. Surface ships are constrained to one depth (the surface), and are inherently very noisy compared to submarines. Submarines on the other hand are able to change depth to make themselves more difficult to detect, as well as being much quieter than surface ships. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>You’ll notice that the Trafalgar has a very long sonar sensor range, with&nbsp;two convergence zones covered by the radius. Open the Trafalgar’s database entry and look at the sensors section. Here we can see the Trafalgar is equipped with a Type 2065 Towed Array, which will be doing most of the heavy lifting as we search for our target submarine. Be aware that unlike the Basic Submarine Operations (1-4) series, you will now be presented with randomised biological and false contacts, meaning you will need to clearly identify contacts to be sure of their identity.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>While in previous lessons we’ve chiefly relied on bow sonar, ESM or off-board targeting to detect our targets, when hunting submarines in open ocean a towed array allows not only extra range to detect targets at long distances, but also allows us to search above and below the layer at the same time.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>With a bow sonar, we are constrained to searching in the thermal layer the submarine is in; i.e. if we’re above the layer we will be searching above the layer, and if we’re below the layer we will be searching below the layer. Submarines equipped with a towed array that are at shallow or periscope depth use their towed arrays above the layer, and those that are at ‘just under the layer’ or ‘as deep as possible’ use their towed arrays below the layer. However, submarines at ‘just over the layer’ trail their towed arrays beneath the layer, while their bow sonar remains above the layer. An additional benefit of this tactic is that while our submarine is above the layer, it is very difficult for another submarine below the layer to counter-detect us. This tactic however requires<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>With this in mind, let’s get to finding our target. Plot a course to the north-east, set your speed to creep and your depth to ‘just&nbsp;below the layer’.</SPAN></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:00:00 - Switched side to: United Kingdom

15/06/1997 01:01:11 - [United Kingdom] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by S 107 Trafalgar  [Sensors: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at 10deg - Estimated 65nm

15/06/1997 01:01:11 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Contact! We’ve detected an underwater sonar contact. As you can see it is a convergence zone contact. You will recall from tutorial 1.1 that a convergence zone contact can be in any of the shaded green rings displayed surrounding the <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Trafalgar</I> but not between them.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>It is natural to want to change heading towards the contact, however this will <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">reduce</I> the amount of time that you hold the contact because as you close with the contact the amount of time it remains in the convergence zone decreases. In CMO as with real life, the longer a passive sonar contact is held the more data can be gained from it. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>To maximise contact time, set your heading to put the contact at either our 3 or 9 o’clock, i.e. 90 degrees off our port or starboard bow, and maintain a speed set to creep.&nbsp;Our intention is to identify the contact, and if necessary obtain a course and speed so we can move to intercept.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:01:41 - [United Kingdom] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been classified as: Type 091 Han - Determined as: Hostile (Classification by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 74 nm)

15/06/1997 01:01:41 - [United Kingdom] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">We’ve identified a contact of interest, it’s a Chinese Han class SSN—a notoriously noisy boat. But, without spending all of your time reading books about submarines, how will you know which boats are noisy and which are quiet? In CMANO, the answer is the database.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Open the database entry for the Han by clicking the contact, then clicking the hyperlink style blue text ‘Type 091 Han’ in the right side bar. Here we can find a veritable treasure trove of information about our target. To get a sense of how noisy the Han is, check the ‘Signatures’ section of its database entry, and then compare this with the Trafalgar. As you can see, the dB levels of noise emitted from the Han are much higher (e.g. Han VLF passive sonar noise is 140dB while Trafalgar VLF passive sonar noise is 100dB; the difference between a&nbsp;jet engine at take-off and a hand drill respectively).</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">The noise level of submarines varies according to design and technology, but for reference an 'Average' submarine in the late 90's when this tutorial is set would have a VLF signature of about 120dB, making the Trafalgar a particularly quiet boat and the Han a particularly noisy one. You can get a 'feel' for this by browsing database values of platforms from a comparable era.</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Now we’re going to close with the Han. The simplest way to accomplish this is to hold the Han CZ contact for as long as possible by maintaining a heading to keep the CZ contact bearing 90 degrees to port or starboard of our submarine. Then, when contact is lost (indicated by a timer appearing below the contact and the growth of the uncertainty zone), immediately plot a course directly towards the contact to a point just short of the first convergence zone and set speed to full or flank. Once you have arrived at the designated position (in this case 24nm—the distance of the first CZ), return to creep speed while keeping the same heading&nbsp;and wait to re-acquire the target. Re-acquiring the target after these sprints can take several hours. Be patient and use time compression!<o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Repeat this technique until you are able to obtain a direct-path contact. Once you have a direct path contact, manoeuvre into the Han’s baffles and close to a range of 4nm. Aim to remain above the layer to reduce the chance of being counter-detected.</FONT></P></BODY>

15/06/1997 01:04:11 - [United Kingdom] Contact: Type 091 Han #1 has been positively identified as: Type 091 Han - Determined as: Hostile (ID by: S 107 Trafalgar [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 58 nm)

15/06/1997 04:54:04 - Switched side to: China

15/06/1997 04:54:31 - Switched side to: United Kingdom

15/06/1997 04:58:35 - [China] New contact! Designated TORPEDO #11 - Detected by Type 091 Han  [Sensors: Generic Acoustic Intercept] at 42deg - Estimated 5nm

15/06/1997 04:58:35 - [China] New probable sub contact! (Torpedo detected). Designated GOBLIN #12

15/06/1997 04:58:44 - [China] New contact! Designated TORPEDO #13 - Detected by Type 091 Han  [Sensors: Generic Acoustic Intercept] at 47deg - Estimated 8nm

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - Decoy (Generic Acoustic Decoy; Tech: Early 1980s) from Type 091 Han is attempting to seduce sensor: Torpedo Seeker (Tech: Early 1990s)(Guiding weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #26). Final probability: 10%. Result: 97 - FAILURE

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - Torpedo Spearfish Mod 0 #26 is attacking Type 091 Han with a base PH of 80%. Final PH: 80%. Result: 16 - HIT

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #26 has impacted Type 091 Han. 

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han has suffered weapon damage: 1 DPs

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: 533mm TT has been heavily damaged.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han is being hit by an underwater explosion at 2 m!

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han has suffered blast damage: 253.7 DPs

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: Signal Ejector has been heavily damaged.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: 533mm TT has been lightly damaged.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: Signal Ejector has been lightly damaged.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: China SQG-2B [DUUX 5] has been heavily damaged.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: 533mm TT has been destroyed!

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: UHF Radio [Secure] has been heavily damaged.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: China SQG-2B [DUUX 5] has suffered additional heavy damage.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: China SQC-1 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D] has been destroyed!

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: 533mm TT has suffered additional moderate damage.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: 533mm TT has suffered additional damage!

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: Signal Ejector has suffered additional moderate damage.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han damage report: 533mm TT has suffered additional heavy damage.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] Type 091 Han has been destroyed!

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [United Kingdom] Contact Type 091 Han has been lost.

15/06/1997 05:00:20 - [China] China :Contact TORPEDO #11 has been lost.

15/06/1997 05:00:25 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

15/06/1997 05:00:30 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

15/06/1997 05:00:35 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

15/06/1997 05:00:40 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

15/06/1997 05:00:45 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

15/06/1997 05:00:50 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

15/06/1997 05:00:55 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

15/06/1997 05:01:00 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

15/06/1997 05:01:05 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

15/06/1997 05:01:10 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

15/06/1997 05:01:15 - [United Kingdom] Weapon: Spearfish Mod 0 #27 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2013 11:00:00 - Switched side to: France

01/02/2013 11:00:00 - [France] <BODY scroll=auto><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU">So far we have been hunting targets without the need for careful analysis of detected contacts in order to determine identification. In many scenarios, designers will add biologicals (fish, whales, etc) and civilian shipping. This complicates submarine and anti-submarine operations, as not only do the spurious contacts need to be investigated and identified, but noise from these contacts can be used to hide enemy submarines.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU">Sonar works best when the submarine is moving slowly, as there is less noise from water rushing over the hull and the engines and propulsion system of the submarine produces less noise that can drown out other contacts. The downside to this is that moving at a slow speed—quite obviously—means that you can’t quickly cover ground. Sprint and Drift operations are a compromise. With Sprint and Drift turned on, your crew will automatically sprint ahead as fast as possible (Flank speed if Avoid Cavitation is off, or just below cavitation speed if Avoid Cavitation is turned on), and then slow to Creep speed periodically. The duration of time spent at each speed will be determined by your Desired Avg Speed; set by either dragging the slider or entering a number in the Throttle and Altitude settings window.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU">When a submarines propeller turns quickly, areas of low pressure are created in the water surrounding the propeller blades. This lowering of pressure causes the water to boil without heating up, and produces bubbles of steam. This is called cavitation. The formation of these bubbles is based on propeller speed, and ambient water pressure. As depth increases, so does water pressure. For this reason to avoid cavitation at a certain speed, the solution is to dive deeper. If this is not possible, speed must be reduced in order for cavitation to cease. Cavitation is a dead give-away of the presence of a submarine which can be heard from extreme distances and most submarine commanders will only allow their submarine to enter cavitation parameters in dire emergencies. To ensure that your crew automatically reduce speed to prevent cavitation, check the Avoid Cavitation box in the Throttle and Altitude settings window (F2).<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU">To your south is a fishing fleet going about its business, searching for and catching schools of fish. In amongst the fishing fleet a Libyan Foxtrot class diesel-electric submarine is hiding.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU">Let’s go find that sub. We’ve got quite a lot of ground to cover, so we’re going to make use of the sprint-drift option in Throttle and Altitude settings window (F2). Plot a southerly course (F3), and open the Throttle and Altitude settings window (F2). Check the boxes marked ‘Sprint and Drift’ and ‘Avoid Cavitation’. Ensure that your submarine is set to ‘Just over the layer’ for depth, and Desired Avg Speed is set to 12kt.</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></BODY>

01/02/2013 11:00:14 - [France] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by S 605 Amethyste  [Sensors: DSUV 62C [TSM 2933]] at 144deg - Estimated 14nm

01/02/2013 11:00:14 - [France] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Contact! We’ve detected an underwater sonar contact. For now it is classified as a ‘Goblin’, a name used to refer to an unknown underwater contact.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>As we maintain sonar contact, we will get more information about the contact. If the contact is strong enough we can classify it, determine course and speed, and even get a precise identification.<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Close with the contact until it is classified.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

01/02/2013 11:00:00 - Switched side to: France

01/02/2013 11:00:00 - [France] <BODY scroll=auto><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU"><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU">So far we have been hunting targets without the need for careful analysis of detected contacts in order to determine identification. In many scenarios, designers will add biologicals (fish, whales, etc) and civilian shipping. This complicates submarine and anti-submarine operations, as not only do the spurious contacts need to be investigated and identified, but noise from these contacts can be used to hide enemy submarines.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU">Sonar works best when the submarine is moving slowly, as there is less noise from water rushing over the hull and the engines and propulsion system of the submarine produces less noise that can drown out other contacts. The downside to this is that moving at a slow speed—quite obviously—means that you can’t quickly cover ground. Sprint and Drift operations are a compromise. With Sprint and Drift turned on, your crew will automatically sprint ahead as fast as possible (Flank speed if Avoid Cavitation is off, or just below cavitation speed if Avoid Cavitation is turned on), and then slow to Creep speed periodically. The duration of time spent at each speed will be determined by your Desired Avg Speed; set by either dragging the slider or entering a number in the Throttle and Altitude settings window.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU">When a submarines propeller turns quickly, areas of low pressure are created in the water surrounding the propeller blades. This lowering of pressure causes the water to boil without heating up, and produces bubbles of steam. This is called cavitation. The formation of these bubbles is based on propeller speed, and ambient water pressure. As depth increases, so does water pressure. For this reason to avoid cavitation at a certain speed, the solution is to dive deeper. If this is not possible, speed must be reduced in order for cavitation to cease. Cavitation is a dead give-away of the presence of a submarine which can be heard from extreme distances and most submarine commanders will only allow their submarine to enter cavitation parameters in dire emergencies. To ensure that your crew automatically reduce speed to prevent cavitation, check the Avoid Cavitation box in the Throttle and Altitude settings window (F2).<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU">To your south is a fishing fleet going about its business, searching for and catching schools of fish. In amongst the fishing fleet a Libyan Foxtrot class diesel-electric submarine is hiding.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><SPAN style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU">Let’s go find that sub. We’ve got quite a lot of ground to cover, so we’re going to make use of the sprint-drift option in Throttle and Altitude settings window (F2). Plot a southerly course (F3), and open the Throttle and Altitude settings window (F2). Check the boxes marked ‘Sprint and Drift’ and ‘Avoid Cavitation’. Ensure that your submarine is set to ‘Just over the layer’ for depth, and Desired Avg Speed is set to 12kt.</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></BODY>

01/02/2013 11:00:53 - [France] New contact! Designated SKUNK #1 - Detected by S 605 Amethyste  [Sensors: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at 146deg - Estimated 34nm

01/02/2013 11:00:53 - [France] New contact! Designated SKUNK #2 - Detected by S 605 Amethyste  [Sensors: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at 96deg - Estimated 34nm

01/02/2013 11:00:56 - [France] Contact: SKUNK #2 has been type-classified as: Civilian (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DUUX 5 Fenelon [TSM 2255]] at Estimated 34 nm)

01/02/2013 11:01:11 - [France] Contact: SKUNK #1 has been type-classified as: Civilian (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DUUX 5 Fenelon [TSM 2255]] at Estimated 35 nm)

01/02/2013 11:04:23 - [France] Contact: Civilian #1 has been classified as: Commercial Fishing Boat [23m] - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at Estimated 36 nm)

01/02/2013 11:06:41 - [France] Contact: Civilian #2 has been classified as: Commercial Fishing Boat [23m] - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DUUX 5 Fenelon [TSM 2255]] at Estimated 36 nm)

01/02/2013 11:14:23 - [France] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #3 - Detected by S 605 Amethyste  [Sensors: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at 139deg - Estimated 14nm

01/02/2013 11:14:23 - [France] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Contact! We’ve detected an underwater sonar contact. For now it is classified as a ‘Goblin’, a name used to refer to an unknown underwater contact.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>As we maintain sonar contact, we will get more information about the contact. If the contact is strong enough we can classify it, determine course and speed, and even get a precise identification.<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Close with the contact until it is classified.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

01/02/2013 11:16:11 - [France] Contact: Commercial Fishing Boat [23m] #1 has been positively identified as: FV Box Hill - Determined as: Neutral (ID by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DUUX 5 Fenelon [TSM 2255]] at Estimated 37 nm)

01/02/2013 11:20:38 - [France] Contact: GOBLIN #3 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at Estimated 8 nm)

01/02/2013 11:20:38 - [France] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>We’ve classified the contact as ‘Biologics’. This is a catch-all for fish, whales and other sea life. Like we discussed earlier, biologics confound submarine and anti-submarine operations not only because they need to be investigated and classified before we can relax and ignore them (a commander ignores a Goblin contact at the absolute peril of their command!), but the noise generated by these contacts interferes with the detection of, and can possibly totally drown out, the noise coming from submarines or surface ships along the same bearing. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The effects of this ‘sonar masking’ depend on the loudness of the spurious contact, the loudness of the contact of interest, and the capabilities of the detecting sonar set. </FONT><FONT face=Calibri>The louder the spurious contact, the quieter the contact of interest, and the older and less capable the detecting sonar set, the more effective sonar masking will be. Sonar masking is bearing dependent, so two submarines with a loud merchant between them probably won’t be able to hear each other. </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>If, on the other hand, submarine A is between a merchant and submarine B, it is possible that submarine A will be able to detect submarine B, while submarine B is unable to detect submarine A due to sonar masking. This is because the bearing from submarine B to submarine A is the same as from submarine B to the merchant, while the bearing from submarine A to submarine B is 180 degrees from the bearing of submarine A to the merchant.<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Continue to head south, closing with contacts as necessary to identify them. Experiment with different search depths and speeds along the way.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

01/02/2013 11:28:41 - [France] Contact: Biologics #3 has been classified as: Biologic Fish School - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DUUX 5 Fenelon [TSM 2255]] at Estimated 8 nm)

01/02/2013 13:10:57 - [France] Contact Commercial Fishing Boat [23m] #2 has been lost.

01/02/2013 13:38:23 - [France] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #4 - Detected by S 605 Amethyste  [Sensors: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at 263deg - Estimated 14nm

01/02/2013 13:38:23 - [France] New contact! Designated SKUNK #5 - Detected by S 605 Amethyste  [Sensors: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at 241deg - Estimated 14nm

01/02/2013 13:39:38 - [France] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #6 - Detected by S 605 Amethyste  [Sensors: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at 253deg - Estimated 14nm

01/02/2013 13:39:44 - [France] Contact: GOBLIN #4 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DSUV 62C [TSM 2933]] at Estimated 5 nm)

01/02/2013 13:40:23 - [France] Contact: SKUNK #5 has been type-classified as: Civilian (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at Estimated 7 nm)

01/02/2013 13:40:41 - [France] Contact: GOBLIN #6 has been type-classified as: SS (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DUUX 5 Fenelon [TSM 2255]] at Estimated 5 nm)

01/02/2013 13:40:41 - [France] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">We’ve detected an underwater contact that matches the profile of a diesel-electric sub. The sub is operating at snorkelling depth and running their diesel engines, which is a very loud process and would normally result in detection from very far away. Note that with all the ambient activity going on around the sub, it is very likely you won’t have detected it until it is within 10nm.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Slow to creep speed, turn off Sprint and Drift and close with the submarine contact to identify it using passive sonar.</FONT></P></BODY>

01/02/2013 13:42:26 - [France] Contact: Civilian #5 has been classified as: Commercial Factory Trawler [2,500t DWT] - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DUUX 5 Fenelon [TSM 2255]] at Estimated 8 nm)

01/02/2013 13:50:53 - [France] Contact: Biologics #4 has been classified as: Biologic Fish School - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at Estimated 5 nm)

01/02/2013 13:52:09 - [France] Contact FV Box Hill has been lost.

01/02/2013 13:54:41 - [France] Contact: Commercial Factory Trawler [2,500t DWT] #5 has been positively identified as: FT Footscray - Determined as: Neutral (ID by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DUUX 5 Fenelon [TSM 2255]] at Estimated 8 nm)

01/02/2013 14:25:53 - [France] Contact: SS #6 has been classified as: S 311 Al Badr [PL-641 Foxtrot] - Determined as: Hostile (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at Estimated 8 nm)

01/02/2013 14:25:53 - [France] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>We have positively identified our submarine contact as a Libyan Foxtrot class diesel-electric submarine. Close with, engage and destroy the submarine to conclude this tutorial.</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Note that your ROE is set to Weapons TIGHT for Sub-Surface contacts. Enemy submarines within torpedo range are always considered to be a threat, and with default settings your crew will automatically fire a salvo of torpedoes once in range.</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>If you wish to manually choose when to fire (often advantageous in small scenarios, but easy to miss an opportunity in larger scenarios where your attention is divided) select WCS Sub-Surface &gt; Weapons HOLD in the doctrine settings in the right side menu bar.</FONT></P></BODY>

01/02/2013 14:25:53 - Switched side to: Libya

01/02/2013 14:25:53 - Switched side to: France

01/02/2013 16:33:08 - [France] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #7 - Detected by S 605 Amethyste  [Sensors: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at 327deg - Estimated 14nm

01/02/2013 16:34:45 - [Libya] New contact! Designated TORPEDO #29 - Detected by S 311 Al Badr  [Sensors: Acoustic Intercept [MG-23 Svet-M]] at 183deg - Estimated 4nm

01/02/2013 16:34:45 - [Libya] New probable sub contact! (Torpedo detected). Designated GOBLIN #30

01/02/2013 16:35:05 - [Libya] New contact! Designated TORPEDO #31 - Detected by S 311 Al Badr  [Sensors: Acoustic Intercept [MG-23 Svet-M]] at 180deg - Estimated 3nm

01/02/2013 16:36:08 - [France] Contact: S 311 Al Badr [PL-641 Foxtrot] #6 has been positively identified as: S 311 Al Badr - Determined as: Hostile (ID by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at 2.1 nm)

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - Torpedo F17 Mod 2 #48 is attacking S 311 Al Badr with a base PH of 75%. Final PH: 75%. Result: 11 - HIT

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - Weapon: F17 Mod 2 #48 has impacted S 311 Al Badr. 

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr has suffered weapon damage: 0 DPs

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: 533mm TT has been lightly damaged.

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: 533mm TT has suffered additional light damage.

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: 533mm TT has been destroyed!

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr is being hit by an underwater explosion at 2 m!

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr has suffered blast damage: 245.1 DPs

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: Generic Submarine Periscope, Optical has been heavily damaged.

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: VHF Radio [Secure] has been moderately damaged.

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: VHF Radio [Secure] has suffered additional moderate damage.

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: Pike Jaw [MG-200 Arktika] has been destroyed!

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: Diesels has been destroyed!

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: 533mm TT has suffered additional heavy damage.

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: Wolf Paw [GAS-372 Hercules-2M] has been lightly damaged.

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr damage report: 533mm TT has been heavily damaged.

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [France] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Congratulations, you successfully made use of the sprint-drift and avoid cavitation settings to find a submarine hiding amongst noisy surface and underwater traffic. Excellent work!</FONT><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] S 311 Al Badr has been destroyed!

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [France] Contact S 311 Al Badr has been lost.

01/02/2013 16:37:51 - [Libya] Libya :Contact TORPEDO #29 has been lost.

01/02/2013 16:37:55 - [France] Weapon: F17 Mod 2 #49 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2013 16:38:00 - [France] Weapon: F17 Mod 2 #49 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2013 16:38:05 - [France] Weapon: F17 Mod 2 #49 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2013 16:38:30 - [France] S 605 Amethyste has broken the guidance wire for F17 Mod 2 #49 (excessive speed)

01/02/2013 16:38:38 - [France] Contact: GOBLIN #7 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at Estimated 7 nm)

01/02/2013 16:45:38 - [France] Contact: Biologics #7 has been classified as: Biologic Fish School - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at Estimated 5 nm)

01/02/2013 16:49:47 - Weapon: F17 Mod 2 #49 has run out of energy... self-destructing

01/02/2013 18:19:37 - [France] New contact! Designated SKUNK #8 - Detected by S 605 Amethyste  [Sensors: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at 214deg - Estimated 14nm

01/02/2013 18:22:07 - [France] Contact: SKUNK #8 has been type-classified as: Civilian (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at Estimated 4 nm)

01/02/2013 18:28:06 - [France] Contact: Civilian #8 has been classified as: Commercial Fishing Boat [35m] - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at Estimated 4 nm)

01/02/2013 18:35:50 - [France] Contact: Commercial Fishing Boat [35m] #8 has been positively identified as: FV Western Sunshine - Determined as: Neutral (ID by: S 605 Amethyste [Sensor: DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D]] at Estimated 6 nm)

01/02/2013 19:00:01 - [France] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Either you weren’t able to detect or weren’t able to intercept the Foxtrot in time. Either way something went wrong. Try again!</FONT><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

01/02/2015 03:00:00 - Switched side to: Japan

01/02/2015 03:00:00 - [Japan] <BODY scroll=auto><P>For the first time, you’re going to be facing up to an opponent that is—on paper at least—more capable. You are in command of a modern diesel electric boat which is equipped with Air Independent Propulsion (AIP). AIP allows a conventional submarine to remain submerged and retain propulsion after expending their battery power. AIP does not recharge batteries, and often only allows movement at slow speeds. Nevertheless, the ability for a diesel-electric submarine with AIP to stay submerged for several days without recharging their batteries is a huge improvement on previous designs.</P>
<P>In this tutorial, we will be ambushing a modern, highly capable nuclear attack submarine. As mentioned in Tutorial 1.4, diesel-electric submarines excel in shallow, confined waters where the advantage of their relative quiet is amplified and the disadvantage of their slow speeds is somewhat nullified. As you can see, we are currently operating in deep water against a powerful foe. In order to prevail, we are going to have to fight smart.</P>
<P>As you may have noticed, your submarine is critically low on battery, and also quite low on diesel fuel. We are going to be performing this mission using AIP. By default, AIP is reserved for use when engaged offensive and engaged defensive. To avoid snorkelling we are going to change our doctrine settings. Open the doctrine window (Ctrl+F9) and change ‘Air-Independent Propulsion (AIP) usage’ to ‘Yes, always’. While we’re here, we’re going to disable automatic weapon launch so we can maintain control over when torpedoes are fired. Change ‘Weapon Control Status (WCS), sub-surface’ to ‘HOLD – do not fire except in self defence (manual only)’.</P>
<P>For the purposes of this tutorial, we know that the enemy SSN is to the East and is transiting towards us using sprint-drift manoeuvres. Set a course to the East, and set your speed to ‘Creep’ and depth to ‘Just over the layer’.<BR></P></BODY>

01/02/2015 04:50:02 - [Japan] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #2 - Detected by SS 501 Soryu  [Sensors: J/ZQQ-7 Bow] at 150deg - Estimated 12nm

01/02/2015 04:53:47 - [Japan] Contact: GOBLIN #2 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SS 501 Soryu [Sensor: J/ZQQ-7 Bow] at Estimated 10 nm)

01/02/2015 04:59:36 - [Japan] Contact: Biologics #2 has been classified as: Biologic Fish School - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SS 501 Soryu [Sensor: J/ZQQ-7 Flank Array] at Estimated 10 nm)

01/02/2015 06:27:51 - [Japan] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #3 - Detected by SS 501 Soryu  [Sensors: J/ZQQ-7 TASS] at 54deg - Estimated 12nm

01/02/2015 06:29:36 - [Japan] Contact: GOBLIN #3 has been type-classified as: SSN (Classification by: SS 501 Soryu [Sensor: J/ZQQ-7 TASS] at Estimated 8 nm)

01/02/2015 06:29:36 - [Japan] <BODY scroll=auto><P>Contact! We’ve detected an underwater sonar contact with an acoustic profile that matches an SSN. Given that we know our quarry is an SSN and is travelling in this general direction, chances are high that we’ve found our target.</P>
<P>Up until now we’ve taken a rather ‘head on’ approach to attacking targets. The Akula that we’re hunting is fast, has excellent sensors, and is heavily armed with heavyweight homing torpedoes and deadly sub-launched anti-submarine missiles. Taking a head on approach to this target is just as likely to lead to our demise as it is the enemy’s.</P>
<P>Instead, we’re going to manoeuvre into position to deliver an attack to the enemy’s rear. Set your depth to ‘just over the layer’ and your speed to creep, and plot a course to place your submarine in the Akula’s path. The objective here is to get into a position in front of the Akula, stop our engines and allow it to pass by, and then fire torpedoes from its baffles as it begins a sprint. This will give you the lowest chance of counter-detection, while affording your attack the highest chance of success.</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P></BODY>

01/02/2015 06:31:21 - [Japan] Contact: SSN #3 has been classified as: PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] - Determined as: Hostile (Classification by: SS 501 Soryu [Sensor: J/ZQQ-7 TASS] at Estimated 6 nm)

01/02/2015 06:34:12 - [Russia] New contact! Designated TORPEDO #12 - Detected by PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B]  [Sensors: Shark Gill [MGK-540 Skat-3]] at 220deg - Estimated 12nm

01/02/2015 06:34:12 - [Russia] New probable sub contact! (Torpedo detected). Designated GOBLIN #13

01/02/2015 06:43:44 - [Russia] New contact! Designated TORPEDO #14 - Detected by PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B]  [Sensors: Generic Acoustic Intercept] at 246deg - Estimated 6nm

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - Decoy (MG-114 Berilly; Tech: Late 1980s) from PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] is attempting to seduce sensor: Torpedo Seeker (Tech: Early 1990s)(Guiding weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #22). Final probability: 25%. Result: 35 - FAILURE

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - Decoy (Generic Acoustic Decoy; Tech: Early 1980s) from PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] is attempting to seduce sensor: Torpedo Seeker (Tech: Early 1990s)(Guiding weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #22). Final probability: 10%. Result: 41 - FAILURE

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - Torpedo Type 89 [G-12] #22 is attacking PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] with a base PH of 80%. Final PH: 80%. Result: 12 - HIT

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #22 has impacted PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B]. 

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: Rim Hat [Kremlin-2] has been destroyed!

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] is being hit by an underwater explosion at 2 m!

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] has suffered blast damage: 60.1 DPs

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: 1x OK-650 Nuclear Reactor, 190MW has been destroyed!

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: Rim Hat [Kremlin-2] has suffered additional light damage.

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: Signal Ejector has been lightly damaged.

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: 650mm TT has been destroyed!

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: Akula has been heavily damaged.

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: LF Radio [Unsecure] has been destroyed!

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: Signal Ejector has suffered additional light damage.

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: 533mm TT has been destroyed!

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: Torpedo Decoys has been heavily damaged.

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: Signal Ejector has been heavily damaged.

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: 650mm TT has been lightly damaged.

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: 533mm TT has suffered additional heavy damage.

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: Snoop Pair [MRKP-59] has been lightly damaged.

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] damage report: Signal Ejector has suffered additional damage!

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Japan] <BODY scroll=auto>Congratulations, you successfully made use of superior tactics, offsetting the SSNs advantages in speed, sensors and weapons to manoeuvre into a favourable position and deliver a devastating blow. Excellent work!</BODY>

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] has been destroyed!

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Japan] Contact PLA-971M Akula II [Shchuka-B] #3 has been lost.

01/02/2015 06:45:08 - [Russia] Russia :Contact TORPEDO #12 has been lost.

01/02/2015 06:45:10 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:45:15 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:45:20 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:45:25 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:45:30 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:45:35 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:45:40 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:45:45 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:45:50 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:45:55 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:46:00 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:46:05 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

01/02/2015 06:46:10 - [Japan] Weapon: Type 89 [G-12] #23 has no eligible alternative target to be redirected to...

07/03/1986 01:00:00 - Switched side to: United States

07/03/1986 01:00:00 - [United States] <BODY><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The arctic water environment presents a number of special considerations:<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>The thermocline will be non-existent<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>Sonar performance is markedly reduced in terms of range and sensitivity<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>Submarines beneath the ice are not able to surface or fire missiles</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The constant groaning and creaking of ice beneath the ice pack creates an environment where passive sonar is at markedly decreased efficacy. This is part of the reason why many nuclear ballistic missile submarines are designed to operate beneath the ice; their primary function is stealth, and by operating beneath the ice they are much harder to find. This can be circumvented with the use of active sonar, but as discussed in prior tutorials, active sonar can usually be detected at 1.5-2x its effective range, meaning that it will often reveal the presence of its user to anyone nearby before it reveals anything useful.<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Another factor to consider when operating near the arctic ice-pack is that submarines cannot surface or fire missiles while under the ice. While this is a possibility in real life, it is not common practice (there is a significant risk of damaging the submarine) and it is not modelled in Command: Modern Air Naval Operations. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Now, your mission is to detect, identify and destroy a Typhoon class SSBN (the world’s largest submarine). Intelligence reports that it is operating in company with surface and submarine escorts to the north of your position. Plot a course to the north, select an appropriate speed and depth and then start time (spacebar) to continue.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:00:01 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by SSN 804 Barb [Virginia Class, Flight V]  [Sensors: AN/TB-29] at 144deg - Estimated 7nm

07/03/1986 01:01:00 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>You may have noticed the ASW weapon range ring around your submarine is quite a bit bigger than usual. This is because your submarine is armed with a submarine-launched anti-submarine missile (try saying that three times fast), the UUM-44A SUBROC. You may also note that the warhead for the UUM-44A is a 10kT nuclear depth charge.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Submarine-launched anti-submarine missiles can be launched from shallow water, before flying through the air and dropping a lightweight torpedo into the water at the suspected location of their target. As discussed in the previous tutorial, torpedoes delivered by anti-submarine missile are of the lightweight variety with reduced endurance and destructive power compared to heavyweight torpedoes. The SUBROC and other nuclear anti-submarine missiles get around this shortcoming by using nuclear warheads, usually in the 5-20kT range. The massive overpressure generated by an underwater nuclear explosion drastically increases the effective blast radius of these weapons, so accuracy becomes much less of a factor. Additionally, due to the speed of these missiles and their immense destructive power, there is little the target can do to evade. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>In most scenarios, nuclear weapons release will not be left to the player to authorise and will instead come from the scenario designer. In this tutorial, nuclear weapons release is available for both sides. Your submarine carries only one SUBROC, while there are an unknown amount of escorts out there with your target. It is recommended that you carefully consider whether to use the SUBROC and potentially give away your presence. Remember also that you will not be able to launch the SUBROC under the ice. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>One notable exception to the above limitation of submarine-launched anti-submarine missiles is the Russian VA-111 Shkval. While not technically a rocket or missile, the Shkval uses hyper-cavitation to create a bubble around it, drastically reducing water resistance and allowing incredible speeds. The Shkval travels at up to 200 knots underwater, and carries a 10kT nuclear charge. The Shkval is an incredibly potent weapon, and carelessness in this skills challenge could see you being on the receiving end of it.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:01:11 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 01:02:00 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Your instruction in ‘Intermediate Submarine Operations’ is now complete. Your mission is to sink the Soviet Typhoon class SSBN on patrol to the north. You will need to use the knowledge you have gained in the previous tutorials in order to accomplish this task; the target is a capable opponent, is well escorted, and all parties have access to nuclear weapons. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Using the skills and knowledge you have accumulated so far, you will be able to destroy the target without being detected. If you ignore previous lessons, you are unlikely to survive. <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">The scenario will end once you have sunk the target and survive until 1300 Zulu. <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><STRONG>Hint: </STRONG><EM>Remember to check your doctrine/RoE settings to avoid automatic firing of weapons, and make good use of any noise sources to avoid detection. Keep a careful eye on your speed and depth.</EM></FONT></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:12:11 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #1 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 02:09:48 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #2 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 345deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 02:13:18 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #2 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 8 nm)

07/03/1986 02:23:33 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #2 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 7 nm)

07/03/1986 03:05:02 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #3 - Detected by SSN 804 Barb [Virginia Class, Flight V]  [Sensors: AN/TB-34] at 243deg - Estimated 7nm

07/03/1986 03:05:41 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #3 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 804 Barb [Virginia Class, Flight V] [Sensor: AN/BQQ-10] at Estimated 9 nm)

07/03/1986 03:17:01 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #3 has been classified as: Biologic Fish School - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 804 Barb [Virginia Class, Flight V] [Sensor: AN/BQG-5A LWWAA [BSY-2]] at Estimated 10 nm)

07/03/1986 03:18:33 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #4 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 25deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:18:48 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #5 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 20deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:20:41 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #4 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 4 nm)

07/03/1986 03:30:48 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #4 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 03:35:41 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #6 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 323deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:36:11 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #6 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 9 nm)

07/03/1986 03:48:33 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #6 has been classified as: Biologic Carnivorous Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 9 nm)

07/03/1986 03:55:12 - [Soviet Union] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula]  [Sensors: Shark Tail [Pelmida]] at 239deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:55:13 - [Soviet Union] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been type-classified as: SSN (Classification by: PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] [Sensor: Shark Gill [MGK-501 Skat-KS]] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 03:55:25 - [Soviet Union] BPK Kashin [Pr.61] changed its 'Ignore Plotted Course' doctrine setting from 'Yes' to 'No' (Reason: Need to follow localization course when trying to locate target).

07/03/1986 03:55:57 - [Soviet Union] Contact: SSN #1 has been classified as: SSN 716 Salt Lake City [Los Angeles Class, Flight I] - Determined as: Hostile (Classification by: PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] [Sensor: Shark Tail [Pelmida]] at Estimated 6 nm)

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] SSN 717 Olympia is being hit by an underwater explosion at 2200 m!

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] SSN 717 Olympia has suffered blast damage: 126395.9 DPs

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] SSN 717 Olympia damage report: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13] has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] SSN 717 Olympia damage report: 3-inch Signal Ejector has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] SSN 717 Olympia damage report: 533mm Mk67 TT has been lightly damaged.

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] SSN 717 Olympia damage report: AN/WLR-9A has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] SSN 717 Olympia damage report: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13] has suffered additional heavy damage.

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] SSN 717 Olympia damage report: 533mm Mk67 TT has suffered additional moderate damage.

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] SSN 717 Olympia damage report: UHF Radio [Secure] has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Either your target escaped, or you were destroyed. Try again!</FONT><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [United States] SSN 717 Olympia has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 03:57:04 - [Soviet Union] Soviet Union :Contact SSN 716 Salt Lake City [Los Angeles Class, Flight I] #1 has been lost.

07/03/1986 01:00:00 - Switched side to: United States

07/03/1986 01:00:00 - [United States] <BODY><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The arctic water environment presents a number of special considerations:<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>The thermocline will be non-existent<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>Sonar performance is markedly reduced in terms of range and sensitivity<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>Submarines beneath the ice are not able to surface or fire missiles</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The constant groaning and creaking of ice beneath the ice pack creates an environment where passive sonar is at markedly decreased efficacy. This is part of the reason why many nuclear ballistic missile submarines are designed to operate beneath the ice; their primary function is stealth, and by operating beneath the ice they are much harder to find. This can be circumvented with the use of active sonar, but as discussed in prior tutorials, active sonar can usually be detected at 1.5-2x its effective range, meaning that it will often reveal the presence of its user to anyone nearby before it reveals anything useful.<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Another factor to consider when operating near the arctic ice-pack is that submarines cannot surface or fire missiles while under the ice. While this is a possibility in real life, it is not common practice (there is a significant risk of damaging the submarine) and it is not modelled in Command: Modern Air Naval Operations. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Now, your mission is to detect, identify and destroy a Typhoon class SSBN (the world’s largest submarine). Intelligence reports that it is operating in company with surface and submarine escorts to the north of your position. Plot a course to the north, select an appropriate speed and depth and then start time (spacebar) to continue.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:00:11 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 153deg - Estimated 7nm

07/03/1986 01:01:00 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>You may have noticed the ASW weapon range ring around your submarine is quite a bit bigger than usual. This is because your submarine is armed with a submarine-launched anti-submarine missile (try saying that three times fast), the UUM-44A SUBROC. You may also note that the warhead for the UUM-44A is a 10kT nuclear depth charge.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Submarine-launched anti-submarine missiles can be launched from shallow water, before flying through the air and dropping a lightweight torpedo into the water at the suspected location of their target. As discussed in the previous tutorial, torpedoes delivered by anti-submarine missile are of the lightweight variety with reduced endurance and destructive power compared to heavyweight torpedoes. The SUBROC and other nuclear anti-submarine missiles get around this shortcoming by using nuclear warheads, usually in the 5-20kT range. The massive overpressure generated by an underwater nuclear explosion drastically increases the effective blast radius of these weapons, so accuracy becomes much less of a factor. Additionally, due to the speed of these missiles and their immense destructive power, there is little the target can do to evade. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>In most scenarios, nuclear weapons release will not be left to the player to authorise and will instead come from the scenario designer. In this tutorial, nuclear weapons release is available for both sides. Your submarine carries only one SUBROC, while there are an unknown amount of escorts out there with your target. It is recommended that you carefully consider whether to use the SUBROC and potentially give away your presence. Remember also that you will not be able to launch the SUBROC under the ice. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>One notable exception to the above limitation of submarine-launched anti-submarine missiles is the Russian VA-111 Shkval. While not technically a rocket or missile, the Shkval uses hyper-cavitation to create a bubble around it, drastically reducing water resistance and allowing incredible speeds. The Shkval travels at up to 200 knots underwater, and carries a 10kT nuclear charge. The Shkval is an incredibly potent weapon, and carelessness in this skills challenge could see you being on the receiving end of it.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:02:00 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Your instruction in ‘Intermediate Submarine Operations’ is now complete. Your mission is to sink the Soviet Typhoon class SSBN on patrol to the north. You will need to use the knowledge you have gained in the previous tutorials in order to accomplish this task; the target is a capable opponent, is well escorted, and all parties have access to nuclear weapons. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Using the skills and knowledge you have accumulated so far, you will be able to destroy the target without being detected. If you ignore previous lessons, you are unlikely to survive. <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">The scenario will end once you have sunk the target and survive until 1300 Zulu. <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><STRONG>Hint: </STRONG><EM>Remember to check your doctrine/RoE settings to avoid automatic firing of weapons, and make good use of any noise sources to avoid detection. Keep a careful eye on your speed and depth.</EM></FONT></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:06:26 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 6 nm)

07/03/1986 01:13:41 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #1 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 01:57:24 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #2 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 344deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 01:58:09 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #2 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 8 nm)

07/03/1986 02:11:09 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #2 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 03:04:39 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #3 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 1deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:04:54 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #3 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 03:04:54 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #4 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 12deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:06:41 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #4 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 6 nm)

07/03/1986 03:19:24 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #4 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 6 nm)

07/03/1986 03:50:56 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #5 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 328deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:53:09 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #5 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 10 nm)

07/03/1986 04:03:39 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #5 has been classified as: Biologic Carnivorous Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 9 nm)

07/03/1986 04:16:56 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #6 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 357deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 04:17:26 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #6 has been type-classified as: SSN (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 7 nm)

07/03/1986 04:24:27 - [Soviet Union] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula]  [Sensors: Shark Tail [Pelmida]] at 268deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 04:24:39 - [Soviet Union] BPK Kashin [Pr.61] changed its 'Ignore Plotted Course' doctrine setting from 'Yes' to 'No' (Reason: Need to follow localization course when trying to locate target).

07/03/1986 04:24:54 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #7 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 89deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 04:26:12 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #3 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 4 nm)

07/03/1986 04:26:57 - [Soviet Union] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been type-classified as: SSN (Classification by: PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] [Sensor: Shark Tail [Pelmida]] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 04:29:12 - [United States] Contact: SSN #6 has been classified as: PLA-671RTM Victor III [Shchuka] - Determined as: Hostile (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: Type 2065 [Type 2076 Suite]] at Estimated 8 nm)

07/03/1986 04:33:39 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #7 has been type-classified as: SSBN (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 7 nm)

07/03/1986 04:33:57 - [Soviet Union] Contact: SSN #1 has been classified as: SSN 716 Salt Lake City [Los Angeles Class, Flight I] - Determined as: Hostile (Classification by: PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] [Sensor: Shark Tail [Pelmida]] at Estimated 7 nm)

07/03/1986 04:33:59 - [United States] Contact: SSBN #7 was observed attacking a friendly unit and is now considered as hostile! (Reason: Weapon launch was detected by passive sonar)

07/03/1986 01:00:00 - Switched side to: United States

07/03/1986 01:00:00 - [United States] <BODY><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The arctic water environment presents a number of special considerations:<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>The thermocline will be non-existent<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>Sonar performance is markedly reduced in terms of range and sensitivity<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>Submarines beneath the ice are not able to surface or fire missiles</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The constant groaning and creaking of ice beneath the ice pack creates an environment where passive sonar is at markedly decreased efficacy. This is part of the reason why many nuclear ballistic missile submarines are designed to operate beneath the ice; their primary function is stealth, and by operating beneath the ice they are much harder to find. This can be circumvented with the use of active sonar, but as discussed in prior tutorials, active sonar can usually be detected at 1.5-2x its effective range, meaning that it will often reveal the presence of its user to anyone nearby before it reveals anything useful.<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Another factor to consider when operating near the arctic ice-pack is that submarines cannot surface or fire missiles while under the ice. While this is a possibility in real life, it is not common practice (there is a significant risk of damaging the submarine) and it is not modelled in Command: Modern Air Naval Operations. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Now, your mission is to detect, identify and destroy a Typhoon class SSBN (the world’s largest submarine). Intelligence reports that it is operating in company with surface and submarine escorts to the north of your position. Plot a course to the north, select an appropriate speed and depth and then start time (spacebar) to continue.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:00:11 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 154deg - Estimated 7nm

07/03/1986 01:01:00 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>You may have noticed the ASW weapon range ring around your submarine is quite a bit bigger than usual. This is because your submarine is armed with a submarine-launched anti-submarine missile (try saying that three times fast), the UUM-44A SUBROC. You may also note that the warhead for the UUM-44A is a 10kT nuclear depth charge.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Submarine-launched anti-submarine missiles can be launched from shallow water, before flying through the air and dropping a lightweight torpedo into the water at the suspected location of their target. As discussed in the previous tutorial, torpedoes delivered by anti-submarine missile are of the lightweight variety with reduced endurance and destructive power compared to heavyweight torpedoes. The SUBROC and other nuclear anti-submarine missiles get around this shortcoming by using nuclear warheads, usually in the 5-20kT range. The massive overpressure generated by an underwater nuclear explosion drastically increases the effective blast radius of these weapons, so accuracy becomes much less of a factor. Additionally, due to the speed of these missiles and their immense destructive power, there is little the target can do to evade. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>In most scenarios, nuclear weapons release will not be left to the player to authorise and will instead come from the scenario designer. In this tutorial, nuclear weapons release is available for both sides. Your submarine carries only one SUBROC, while there are an unknown amount of escorts out there with your target. It is recommended that you carefully consider whether to use the SUBROC and potentially give away your presence. Remember also that you will not be able to launch the SUBROC under the ice. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>One notable exception to the above limitation of submarine-launched anti-submarine missiles is the Russian VA-111 Shkval. While not technically a rocket or missile, the Shkval uses hyper-cavitation to create a bubble around it, drastically reducing water resistance and allowing incredible speeds. The Shkval travels at up to 200 knots underwater, and carries a 10kT nuclear charge. The Shkval is an incredibly potent weapon, and carelessness in this skills challenge could see you being on the receiving end of it.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:02:00 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Your instruction in ‘Intermediate Submarine Operations’ is now complete. Your mission is to sink the Soviet Typhoon class SSBN on patrol to the north. You will need to use the knowledge you have gained in the previous tutorials in order to accomplish this task; the target is a capable opponent, is well escorted, and all parties have access to nuclear weapons. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Using the skills and knowledge you have accumulated so far, you will be able to destroy the target without being detected. If you ignore previous lessons, you are unlikely to survive. <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">The scenario will end once you have sunk the target and survive until 1300 Zulu. <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><STRONG>Hint: </STRONG><EM>Remember to check your doctrine/RoE settings to avoid automatic firing of weapons, and make good use of any noise sources to avoid detection. Keep a careful eye on your speed and depth.</EM></FONT></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:00:00 - Switched side to: United States

07/03/1986 01:00:00 - [United States] <BODY><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The arctic water environment presents a number of special considerations:<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>The thermocline will be non-existent<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>Sonar performance is markedly reduced in terms of range and sensitivity<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>Submarines beneath the ice are not able to surface or fire missiles</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The constant groaning and creaking of ice beneath the ice pack creates an environment where passive sonar is at markedly decreased efficacy. This is part of the reason why many nuclear ballistic missile submarines are designed to operate beneath the ice; their primary function is stealth, and by operating beneath the ice they are much harder to find. This can be circumvented with the use of active sonar, but as discussed in prior tutorials, active sonar can usually be detected at 1.5-2x its effective range, meaning that it will often reveal the presence of its user to anyone nearby before it reveals anything useful.<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Another factor to consider when operating near the arctic ice-pack is that submarines cannot surface or fire missiles while under the ice. While this is a possibility in real life, it is not common practice (there is a significant risk of damaging the submarine) and it is not modelled in Command: Modern Air Naval Operations. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Now, your mission is to detect, identify and destroy a Typhoon class SSBN (the world’s largest submarine). Intelligence reports that it is operating in company with surface and submarine escorts to the north of your position. Plot a course to the north, select an appropriate speed and depth and then start time (spacebar) to continue.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:00:47 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 153deg - Estimated 7nm

07/03/1986 01:01:02 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>You may have noticed the ASW weapon range ring around your submarine is quite a bit bigger than usual. This is because your submarine is armed with a submarine-launched anti-submarine missile (try saying that three times fast), the UUM-44A SUBROC. You may also note that the warhead for the UUM-44A is a 10kT nuclear depth charge.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Submarine-launched anti-submarine missiles can be launched from shallow water, before flying through the air and dropping a lightweight torpedo into the water at the suspected location of their target. As discussed in the previous tutorial, torpedoes delivered by anti-submarine missile are of the lightweight variety with reduced endurance and destructive power compared to heavyweight torpedoes. The SUBROC and other nuclear anti-submarine missiles get around this shortcoming by using nuclear warheads, usually in the 5-20kT range. The massive overpressure generated by an underwater nuclear explosion drastically increases the effective blast radius of these weapons, so accuracy becomes much less of a factor. Additionally, due to the speed of these missiles and their immense destructive power, there is little the target can do to evade. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>In most scenarios, nuclear weapons release will not be left to the player to authorise and will instead come from the scenario designer. In this tutorial, nuclear weapons release is available for both sides. Your submarine carries only one SUBROC, while there are an unknown amount of escorts out there with your target. It is recommended that you carefully consider whether to use the SUBROC and potentially give away your presence. Remember also that you will not be able to launch the SUBROC under the ice. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>One notable exception to the above limitation of submarine-launched anti-submarine missiles is the Russian VA-111 Shkval. While not technically a rocket or missile, the Shkval uses hyper-cavitation to create a bubble around it, drastically reducing water resistance and allowing incredible speeds. The Shkval travels at up to 200 knots underwater, and carries a 10kT nuclear charge. The Shkval is an incredibly potent weapon, and carelessness in this skills challenge could see you being on the receiving end of it.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:02:02 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Your instruction in ‘Intermediate Submarine Operations’ is now complete. Your mission is to sink the Soviet Typhoon class SSBN on patrol to the north. You will need to use the knowledge you have gained in the previous tutorials in order to accomplish this task; the target is a capable opponent, is well escorted, and all parties have access to nuclear weapons. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Using the skills and knowledge you have accumulated so far, you will be able to destroy the target without being detected. If you ignore previous lessons, you are unlikely to survive. <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">The scenario will end once you have sunk the target and survive until 1300 Zulu. <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><STRONG>Hint: </STRONG><EM>Remember to check your doctrine/RoE settings to avoid automatic firing of weapons, and make good use of any noise sources to avoid detection. Keep a careful eye on your speed and depth.</EM></FONT></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:13:17 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 6 nm)

07/03/1986 02:23:54 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #2 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 347deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 02:24:39 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #2 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 4 nm)

07/03/1986 02:36:17 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #2 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 03:14:47 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #3 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 353deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:21:39 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #3 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 4 nm)

07/03/1986 03:32:47 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #3 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 8 nm)

07/03/1986 03:47:54 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #4 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 16deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:48:02 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #4 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 04:00:02 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #4 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 8 nm)

07/03/1986 04:36:54 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #5 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 54deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 04:39:54 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #5 has been type-classified as: SSBN (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 04:54:18 - [Soviet Union] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula]  [Sensors: Shark Tail [Pelmida]] at 258deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 04:54:19 - [Soviet Union] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been type-classified as: SSN (Classification by: PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] [Sensor: Shark Gill [MGK-501 Skat-KS]] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 04:54:45 - [United States] Contact: SSBN #5 has been manually marked as hostile!

07/03/1986 04:54:46 - [Soviet Union] Contact: SSN #1 was observed attacking a friendly unit and is now considered as hostile! (Reason: Weapon launch was detected by passive sonar)

07/03/1986 04:54:53 - [Soviet Union] New contact! Designated VAMPIRE #2 - Detected by BPK Kashin [Pr.61]  [Sensors: Head Net C [MR-310U Angara-M]] at 265deg - 31.1nm

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] Soviet Union :Contact VAMPIRE #2 has been lost.

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] is being hit by an underwater explosion at 191 m!

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] has suffered blast damage: 834258.9 DPs

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: 533mm TT has been lightly damaged.

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: Generic Acoustic Intercept has been lightly damaged.

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: HF Radio [Secure] has been moderately damaged.

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: SA-N-8 Gremlin [9K34 Strela-3] Mast Launcher has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: 533mm TT has suffered additional heavy damage.

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: SS-N-20 Sturgeon SLBM has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: LF Radio [Unsecure] has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: Mouse Roar [MG-519 Arfa-M] has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: VHF Radio [Secure] has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: LF Radio [Unsecure] has suffered additional light damage.

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:55:06 - [United States] Contact SSBN #5 has been lost.

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [Nature] Biologic Whale is being hit by an underwater explosion at 3627 m!

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale is being hit by an underwater explosion at 3627 m!

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [Nature] Biologic Whale has suffered blast damage: 155346.6 DPs

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale has suffered blast damage: 155346.6 DPs

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [Nature] Biologic Whale damage report: Baleen Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale damage report: Baleen Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [Nature] Biologic Whale damage report: Baleen Whale has suffered additional light damage.

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale damage report: Baleen Whale has suffered additional light damage.

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [Nature] Biologic Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:55:09 - [United States] Contact Biologic Baleen Whale #2 has been lost.

07/03/1986 04:55:10 - [Nature] Biologic Whale is being hit by an underwater explosion at 6291 m!

07/03/1986 04:55:10 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale is being hit by an underwater explosion at 6291 m!

07/03/1986 04:55:10 - [Nature] Biologic Whale has suffered blast damage: 2135.7 DPs

07/03/1986 04:55:10 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale has suffered blast damage: 2135.7 DPs

07/03/1986 04:55:10 - [Nature] Biologic Whale damage report: Baleen Whale has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 04:55:10 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale damage report: Baleen Whale has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 04:55:10 - [Nature] Biologic Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:55:10 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:55:10 - [United States] Contact Biologic Baleen Whale #3 has been lost.

07/03/1986 01:00:00 - Switched side to: United States

07/03/1986 01:00:00 - [United States] <BODY><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The arctic water environment presents a number of special considerations:<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>The thermocline will be non-existent<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>Sonar performance is markedly reduced in terms of range and sensitivity<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style='FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=Calibri>Submarines beneath the ice are not able to surface or fire missiles</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The constant groaning and creaking of ice beneath the ice pack creates an environment where passive sonar is at markedly decreased efficacy. This is part of the reason why many nuclear ballistic missile submarines are designed to operate beneath the ice; their primary function is stealth, and by operating beneath the ice they are much harder to find. This can be circumvented with the use of active sonar, but as discussed in prior tutorials, active sonar can usually be detected at 1.5-2x its effective range, meaning that it will often reveal the presence of its user to anyone nearby before it reveals anything useful.<o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Another factor to consider when operating near the arctic ice-pack is that submarines cannot surface or fire missiles while under the ice. While this is a possibility in real life, it is not common practice (there is a significant risk of damaging the submarine) and it is not modelled in Command: Modern Air Naval Operations. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Now, your mission is to detect, identify and destroy a Typhoon class SSBN (the world’s largest submarine). Intelligence reports that it is operating in company with surface and submarine escorts to the north of your position. Plot a course to the north, select an appropriate speed and depth and then start time (spacebar) to continue.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:00:11 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #1 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 154deg - Estimated 7nm

07/03/1986 01:00:26 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #1 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 7 nm)

07/03/1986 01:01:00 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>You may have noticed the ASW weapon range ring around your submarine is quite a bit bigger than usual. This is because your submarine is armed with a submarine-launched anti-submarine missile (try saying that three times fast), the UUM-44A SUBROC. You may also note that the warhead for the UUM-44A is a 10kT nuclear depth charge.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>Submarine-launched anti-submarine missiles can be launched from shallow water, before flying through the air and dropping a lightweight torpedo into the water at the suspected location of their target. As discussed in the previous tutorial, torpedoes delivered by anti-submarine missile are of the lightweight variety with reduced endurance and destructive power compared to heavyweight torpedoes. The SUBROC and other nuclear anti-submarine missiles get around this shortcoming by using nuclear warheads, usually in the 5-20kT range. The massive overpressure generated by an underwater nuclear explosion drastically increases the effective blast radius of these weapons, so accuracy becomes much less of a factor. Additionally, due to the speed of these missiles and their immense destructive power, there is little the target can do to evade. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>In most scenarios, nuclear weapons release will not be left to the player to authorise and will instead come from the scenario designer. In this tutorial, nuclear weapons release is available for both sides. Your submarine carries only one SUBROC, while there are an unknown amount of escorts out there with your target. It is recommended that you carefully consider whether to use the SUBROC and potentially give away your presence. Remember also that you will not be able to launch the SUBROC under the ice. <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><FONT face=Calibri>One notable exception to the above limitation of submarine-launched anti-submarine missiles is the Russian VA-111 Shkval. While not technically a rocket or missile, the Shkval uses hyper-cavitation to create a bubble around it, drastically reducing water resistance and allowing incredible speeds. The Shkval travels at up to 200 knots underwater, and carries a 10kT nuclear charge. The Shkval is an incredibly potent weapon, and carelessness in this skills challenge could see you being on the receiving end of it.</FONT><o:p></o:p></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:02:00 - [United States] <BODY scroll=auto><FONT face=Calibri>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Your instruction in ‘Intermediate Submarine Operations’ is now complete. Your mission is to sink the Soviet Typhoon class SSBN on patrol to the north. You will need to use the knowledge you have gained in the previous tutorials in order to accomplish this task; the target is a capable opponent, is well escorted, and all parties have access to nuclear weapons. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">Using the skills and knowledge you have accumulated so far, you will be able to destroy the target without being detected. If you ignore previous lessons, you are unlikely to survive. <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt">The scenario will end once you have sunk the target and survive until 1300 Zulu. <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><STRONG>Hint: </STRONG><EM>Remember to check your doctrine/RoE settings to avoid automatic firing of weapons, and make good use of any noise sources to avoid detection. Keep a careful eye on your speed and depth.</EM></FONT></P></BODY>

07/03/1986 01:13:11 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #1 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 6 nm)

07/03/1986 02:11:01 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #2 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 345deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 02:11:31 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #2 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 8 nm)

07/03/1986 02:23:01 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #2 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 7 nm)

07/03/1986 03:53:41 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #3 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 7deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:57:46 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #3 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 12 nm)

07/03/1986 03:58:11 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #4 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 355deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 03:58:46 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #4 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 8 nm)

07/03/1986 04:06:56 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #3 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 8 nm)

07/03/1986 04:17:56 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #4 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 04:37:16 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #5 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 47deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 04:41:16 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #5 has been type-classified as: SSBN (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 3 nm)

07/03/1986 04:41:57 - [United States] Contact: SSBN #5 has been manually marked as hostile!

07/03/1986 04:42:32 - [Soviet Union] New contact! Designated VAMPIRE #1 - Detected by BPK Kashin [Pr.61]  [Sensors: Head Net C [MR-310U Angara-M]] at 214deg - 17.8nm

07/03/1986 04:42:32 - [Soviet Union] New probable sub contact! (Missile launch observed). Designated GOBLIN #2

07/03/1986 04:42:32 - [Soviet Union] Soviet Union :Contact VAMPIRE #1 has been lost.

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] is being hit by an underwater explosion at 668 m!

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] has suffered blast damage: 669847.9 DPs

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: SS-N-20 Sturgeon SLBM has been lightly damaged.

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: Signal Ejector has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: Generic Submarine Periscope, LLTV has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: Rim Hat [Kremlin-2] has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: 533mm TT has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: HF Radio [Secure] has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: Typhoon has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: VLF Radio [Unsecure] has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: Snoop Pair [MRKP-58 Radian] has been heavily damaged.

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] damage report: Shark Gill [MGK-501 Skat-KS] has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [Soviet Union] PLARB-941 Typhoon [Akula] has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:33 - [United States] Contact SSBN #5 has been lost.

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [Nature] Biologic Whale is being hit by an underwater explosion at 4344 m!

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale is being hit by an underwater explosion at 4344 m!

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [Nature] Biologic Whale has suffered blast damage: 23569 DPs

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale has suffered blast damage: 23569 DPs

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [Nature] Biologic Whale is being hit by an underwater explosion at 4298 m!

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale is being hit by an underwater explosion at 4298 m!

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [Nature] Biologic Whale has suffered blast damage: 78985.6 DPs

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale has suffered blast damage: 78985.6 DPs

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [Nature] Biologic Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [United States] Contact Biologic Baleen Whale #2 has been lost.

07/03/1986 04:42:35 - [United States] Contact Biologic Baleen Whale #4 has been lost.

07/03/1986 04:42:37 - [Nature] Biologic Whale is being hit by an underwater explosion at 7658 m!

07/03/1986 04:42:37 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale is being hit by an underwater explosion at 7658 m!

07/03/1986 04:42:37 - [Nature] Biologic Whale has suffered blast damage: 8.2 DPs

07/03/1986 04:42:37 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale has suffered blast damage: 8.2 DPs

07/03/1986 04:42:37 - [Nature] Biologic Whale damage report: Baleen Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:37 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale damage report: Baleen Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:37 - [Nature] Biologic Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:37 - [Soviet Union] Biologic Whale has been destroyed!

07/03/1986 04:42:37 - [United States] Contact Biologic Baleen Whale #3 has been lost.

07/03/1986 04:42:54 - [Soviet Union] BPK Kashin [Pr.61] changed its 'Ignore Plotted Course' doctrine setting from 'Yes' to 'No' (Reason: Need to follow localization course when trying to locate target).

07/03/1986 05:10:26 - [United States] New contact! Designated SKUNK #6 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 23deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 05:10:41 - [United States] Contact: SKUNK #6 has been type-classified as: DDG (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 5 nm)

07/03/1986 05:51:26 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #7 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 277deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 05:54:16 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #7 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at Estimated 9 nm)

07/03/1986 06:01:26 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #8 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/TB-16A] at 202deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 06:02:11 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #8 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 7 nm)

07/03/1986 06:04:26 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #7 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 9 nm)

07/03/1986 06:13:56 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #8 has been classified as: Biologic Fish School - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 8 nm)

07/03/1986 07:11:28 - [United States] Contact DDG #6 has been lost.

07/03/1986 07:53:28 - [United States] Contact Biologic Baleen Whale #1 has been lost.

07/03/1986 07:54:16 - [United States] New contact! Designated GOBLIN #9 - Detected by SSN 717 Olympia  [Sensors: AN/BQQ-5C(V)1 [BQS-13]] at 87deg - Estimated 5nm

07/03/1986 07:56:11 - [United States] Contact: GOBLIN #9 has been type-classified as: Biologics (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 10 nm)

07/03/1986 08:06:26 - [United States] Contact: Biologics #9 has been classified as: Biologic Baleen Whale - Determined as: Neutral (Classification by: SSN 717 Olympia [Sensor: AN/TB-16A] at Estimated 10 nm)

07/03/1986 13:00:01 - [United States] <P>Congratulations, you destroyed the target and are now safe from reprisals.</P> <P>A ‘Triumph’ indicates that you were both undetected and undamaged and is considered an excellent result.<BR> A ‘Minor victory’ indicates that you were either detected or damaged and is considered an acceptable result.<BR> An ‘Average’ indicates that you were both detected and damaged and is considered a borderline result.<BR></P>

